Ukusekela kwezobuchwepheshe

Ukusekela kwezobuchwepheshe

Abangaphakathi kwezobunjiniyela be-greenhouse bathi izindlu zokugcina izithombo nazo zibizwa ngokuthi yi-greenhouses, njengezindlu zokugcina izithombo zengilazi, izindlu zokugcina izithombo zepulasitiki, njll. Isakhiwo se-greenhouse kufanele sivalwe futhi silondoloze ukushisa, kodwa futhi kufanele kube lula ukufaka umoya futhi kupholile.Amaphrojekthi esimanje abamba ukushisa anemishini yokulawula izinga lokushisa, umswakama, nezimo zokukhanya, nokusebenzisa amakhompyutha.Lawula ngokuzenzakalelayo ukuze udale izimo zemvelo ezingcono kakhulu zezitshalo.Umhleli olandelayo uzokwethula kumasu ayishumi nanye okwakhiwa kwe-greenhouse!

1. Ukulinganisa umhlaba nokubeka umugqa:Ngokusho kwepulani eliklanyelwe ukushisa kwelanga, i-azimuth angle ilinganiswa ngepuleti, futhi amakhona amane okushisa anqunywe, futhi izinqwaba zibekwe emagumbini amane okushisa, bese kuba nezikhundla ze-gable kanye ne-greenhouse. udonga olungemuva kunqunywa.

2. Ukwakha udonga:Umhlabathi osetshenziselwa ukwakha udonga lomhlaba kungaba inhlabathi engaphandle kodonga lwangemuva lwe-greenhouse, noma inhlabathi engaphansi kwendawo etshaliwe ngaphambili kwe-greenhouse.Uma usebenzisa inhlabathi ethule phambi kwe-greenhouse, ungamba ungqimba lwegeja (olungamasentimitha angaba ngu-25), ubeke eceleni, bese unisela inhlabathi eluhlaza ngaphansi.Ngemva kosuku, yimba inhlabathi eluhlaza ukuze wenze udonga lomhlabathi.Okokuqala, i-plywood ngokusho kobukhulu bodonga lomhlabathi, gcwalisa inhlabathi esanda kukhishwa emanzi, futhi ihlanganiswe ne-earth tamping noma i-electric tamping.Ungqimba ngalunye lungaba ngu-20 cm.Ngemva kokunyathela ungqimba olulodwa, yenza isendlalelo sesibili size sifinyelele ekuphakameni okudingekayo.I-gable nodonga lwangemuva kufanele lwenziwe ndawonye, ​​​​hhayi ngezigaba, ngale ndlela kuphela lapho lungaba namandla.Uma i-viscosity yomhlabathi inganele, ingaxutshwa notshani lukakolweni.Kwezinye izindawo, i-viscosity yomhlabathi iphansi kakhulu, futhi udonga alukwazi ukwakhiwa ngokucindezela.Ngalesi sikhathi, inani elithile lotshani lukakolweni nodaka lungaxutshwa enhlabathini ukuze kwenziwe ama-adobes.Ngemuva kokuthi ama-adobes omile, izindonga ze-adobe zingasetshenziswa.Lapho kwakhiwa izindonga, udaka lotshani kufanele lusetshenziswe phakathi kwezingodo, futhi udaka lotshani kufanele lunamekwe ngaphakathi nangaphandle kodonga.Ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa kodonga lwezitini, isisekelo kufanele sifakwe i-tamped ngaphambi kokuba udonga lwakhiwe.Ngesikhathi sokwakha, udaka kufanele lugcwale, izinsimbi zezitini kufanele ziboshwe, indawo ekhonjiwe kufanele ifakwe, futhi ngaphakathi nangaphandle kodonga kufanele kufakwe ukuze kugwenywe ukuvuza komoya.I-void phakathi kodonga lwesitini kanye nongqimba akufanele lube lukhulu kakhulu noma lube luncane kakhulu.Ngokuvamile, ububanzi bomgodi kulawulwa phakathi kuka-5-8 cm.Umgodi akufanele ushiywe kuze kube sekugcineni, futhi izitini kufanele zisetshenziselwe ukuxhuma izingqimba njalo ngamamitha angu-3-4 ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukuqina kodonga.Udonga olungenalutho lungagcwaliswa nge-slag, i-perlite, noma utshani kakolweni, noma akukho lutho olungeziwe.Kusetshenziswa i-air insulation kuphela.Udonga olungenalutho ngaphandle kokugcwalisa kumele lungabi nemifantu.Lapho uphahla lwezitini luvulekile, kungcono ukusebenzisa amakhoba odaka ukuze uvale uphahla ngo-30 cm, ukuze udonga olungemuva nophahla lwangemuva luxhumeke eduze, futhi ukusebenza kokushisa okushisayo kuyathuthukiswa.

3. Amakholomu angcwatshwe nezinsimbi zophahla:Ngokusho kwemidwebo, nquma indawo yekholomu ngayinye bese uyimaka nge-lime.Yimba imbobo engu-30-40 cm ukushona bese usebenzisa itshe njengonyawo lwekholomu ukuvimbela ikholomu ukuthi ingacwili.Bese ufaka i-digger kukholamu yangemuva.Ikhanda libekwe phezu kwekholomu, futhi umsila usodongeni olungemuva noma ngemuva.Beka ama-purlins angu-3-4 ezinsikeni.Ama-ridge purlin axhunywe emgqeni oqondile, kanti amanye ama-purlin ayanyakaziswa.Ukuvimbela i-purlin ukuthi ingasheleli phansi, ibhulokhi encane yokhuni ingabethelwa ku-purlin engxenyeni engezansi ye-purlin ukuze kugxumeke i-purlin.Ezinye izindawo zokugcina izithombo zisebenzisa kuphela ama-uprights ukusekela ama-spine purlins.

4. Ngemva kokumboza uphahla:ukumboza i-purlin noma i-rafter ngongqimba lwefilimu yepulasitiki eyimfucuza, bese ubeka iziqu zommbila zibe izinyanda kufilimu, isiqondiso esibhekene ne-purlin noma i-rafter.Bese wendlala utshani lukakolweni noma utshani ezihlahleni zommbila, bese usakaza ungqimba lwefilimu yepulasitiki ezihlahleni zommbila, bese usakaza udaka lotshani kuwo.Uphahla olungemuva lwakhiwe ngotshani notshani lukakolweni olusongwe ngezingqimba ezimbili zefilimu yepulasitiki ukuze kwakheke isembozo esifana nesembozo.Ukusebenza kwe-thermal insulation kuthuthukiswe kakhulu kunophahla olujwayelekile olungemuva ngaphandle kwefilimu yepulasitiki.Ngemuva kokuthi uphahla lwangemuva lumboziwe, sebenzisa udaka lotshani ukuze usule ngokuqinile ukuxhumana phakathi kohlangothi lwangaphakathi lophahla olungemuva kanye nodonga olungemuva lwe-greenhouse.

5. Yimba umsele ongenakubanda:Bamba umsele ongangenwa amakhaza ongu-20 cm ububanzi no-40 cm ukushona ngaphambi kwe-greenhouse.

6. Intambo yomthofu engaguquki yesikhonkwane esigqitshiwe kanye nolayini wokulambisa ophahleni olungemuva:Beka ucezu lwentambo yomthofu engunombolo 8 elingana nobude bendlu ebamba ukushisa ngaphansi komsele ongangenisi ukubanda, kubhotshozwe amahange aphansi kuwo.Amahange aphansi enziwe ngamasongo ensimbi kuzo zombili iziphetho.Ngocingo lomthofu, bopha isitini noma induku yokhuni ocingweni lokuhola njalo ngamamitha angu-3 ngokwebanga eliphakathi kwamakhothamo okumele angcwatshwe, bese uyibeka phakathi kwalezi zinto ezingashintshi.Ngaphandle kodonga olungemuva lwe-greenhouse;ukumba imisele ukuze kungcwatshwe amahange aphansi ngendlela efanayo, ngaphandle kokuthi ibanga eliphakathi kwamahange angaphansi linganyuswa libe ngamamitha angu-2-3, futhi inhlabathi ingagcwaliswa ngokuqinile ngemva kokungcwatshwa, futhi indandatho engenhla yehange lensimbi ivezwa. emhlabathini.Ophahleni olungemuva lwendlu ebamba ukushisa, donsa ucezu locingo lomthofu onguNombolo 8, bese ugqiba zombili iziphetho zalo emhlabathini ngaphandle kwegebula lendlu yokushisa.Lapho ungcwaba abantu, bopha izinto ezinzima emakhanda abo.Lungisa intambo yomthofu ngentambo yomthofu noma ngentambo yenayiloni, bopha isiphetho esisodwa entanjeni yomthofu bese enye kuhange lensimbi eligqitshwe ngaphandle kodonga olungemuva.

7. Uphahla ngaphambi kokwakhiwa:Lungisa indawo yekholomu eqondile ngaphambi nangemva kokungcwatshwa, ukuze imigqa namakholomu ekholomu eqondile aqondaniswe, futhi izingcezu zoqalo ezingamamitha angu-4 ubude kufanele ziboshwe ndawonye.Ubude kufanele bufaneleke.Ingxenye eyodwa ifakwe emgodini ongabaza, kanti ingxenye engezansi ayinakubanda Uhlangothi oluseningizimu lomsele luqhutshwa ngokuqinile ngezitini, futhi i-angle kufanele ibe ngendlela yokuthi i-arch i-perpendicular emhlabathini noma ithambekele kancane eningizimu uma imiswa.Bopha imishayo ezinsikeni ezisekela uphahla lwangaphambili.Imishayo iqhele ngo-20-30 cm ukusuka phezulu kumugqa ngamunye wamakholomu.I-gui encane elengayo ibekwe phezu kwemishayo.Iziphetho ezingenhla nezingezansi zamakholomu amancane alengayo kufanele zibe nezimbobo, futhi izintambo zokuhola ezingu-8 zisetshenziselwa ukudlula emigodini., Goba isigxobo se-arch, umkhawulo owodwa wekholomu encane yokumiswa uboshwe ngokuqinile esigxotsheni se-arch, futhi umkhawulo owodwa usekelwe ku-beam futhi uboshwe ngokuqinile.Ingxenye engenhla ye-arch ingafakwa ku-ridge purlin.Khona-ke, qhubeka ulungisa ikholomu encane yokulenga ukuze wenze ukuphakama okufanayo kwendawo efanayo yophahla lwangaphambili.

8. Ifilimu ehlanganisayo:Kukhona amashidi amabili noma amathathu efilimu ku-greenhouse.Lapho kusetshenziswa amashidi amabili, ububanzi bawo bungamamitha angu-3 namamitha angu-5 ngokulandelana, futhi lapho kusetshenziswa amashidi amathathu, ububanzi bawo bungamamitha angu-2, amamitha angu-4, namamitha angu-2 ngokulandelana.Okokuqala, buyisela eceleni uhlangothi olulodwa lwefilimu engu-3m ​​noma 2m ububanzi, ulinamathisele nge-adhesive noma uyi-ayine eshubhuni elibanzi elingu-5-6cm, ufake intambo kadrako wobumba, bese ulungisa ifilimu engu-3m ​​ububanzi ebangeni elingu-2.5m emhlabathini.Ilungiswa ebangeni elingamamitha ayi-1.5 ukusuka phansi ngobubanzi obungamamitha ama-2.Ifilimu iqala igoqwe ibe umqulu, futhi igcwaliswe ngenhlabathi emgodini ongabandi ngenkathi ivala futhi iqinisa.Intambo ye-nylon kufanele iqiniswe, kanye nefilimu, ingcwatshwe ngaphansi komhlaba emgodini we-greenhouse.Ifilimu eyodwa noma ezimbili ezingenhla nazo zigoqwe emgqeni, umkhawulo owodwa ungcwatshwa emhlabathini ngokumelene ne-gable, bese usakazwa komunye umkhawulo, futhi ekugcineni ungcwatshwe emhlabathini eduze kwe-gable ekugcineni.Kunezindlela ezimbili zokulungisa ukuphela kwefilimu eduze nophahla lwangemuva.Enye iwukulungisa ngqo ku-purlin yomgogodla nge-bamboo nezinzipho zensimbi;enye iwukulungisa ku-purlin yomgogodla ngezinzipho ze-bamboo nezinsimbi bese uyisonga emuva.Bopha ibhande ophahleni olungemuva.Ububanzi bophahla ngemuva kwebhande bungaba ngamamitha angu-0.5-1, kungcono kakhulu, futhi udaka lotshani kufanele lusetshenziswe ukulihlanganisa.Le ndlela inomphumela ongcono wokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kokushisa okushisayo ophahleni olungemuva ngaphandle kokwengeza ifilimu yemfucuza.

9. Ulayini we-laminating ongashintshi:Ngemuva kokuthi ifilimu ihlanganiswe, kufanele icindezelwe futhi ilungiswe ngomugqa we-laminating.Ulayini olayinisayo ungaba umugqa okhethekile wokushisa we-polypropylene greenhouse otholakala ngokuthengiswa, noma ungashintshwa ngentambo yenayiloni noma ucingo lwensimbi.Asikho isidingo.Kungcono ukusebenzisa umugqa ozinikele we-laminating.Okokuqala bopha umkhawulo owodwa we-laminating ku-wire lead engu-8 ophahleni olungemuva lwe-greenhouse, uyiphonse phansi kusuka ku-greenhouse, bese ucindezela ifilimu phakathi kwama-arches amabili, kanye nendandatho yehange ekugcineni engezansi, qinisa futhi uyibophe.Ukuhleleka kokulungisa umugqa we-laminating mncane kuqala, bese kuminyene, kuqala ukulungisa imigqa eminingana yokugcoba ngebanga elikhulu, bese kancane kancane ulungisa umugqa we-laminating phakathi kwe-arch ngayinye.Kokubili umugqa we-laminating kanye nefilimu yepulasitiki inezinga elithile lokunwebeka, futhi umugqa we-laminating kufanele ulungiswe ngosuku lwesibili nolwesithathu;qinisa izikhathi ezingu-2-3 ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi ucindezelwe ngokuqinile, futhi ifilimu yophahla lwangaphambili olucindezelwe luyi-wavy shape.

10. Utshani botshani obungaphezulu kanye nendwangu yephepha:Iphepha lenziwe ngezingqimba ze-4-6 ze-kraft paper.Utshani botshani benziwa ngotshani noma ngekati.Ububanzi botshani botshani bungamamitha angu-1.2-1.3 kanti ububanzi botshani be-catatail bungamamitha angu-1.5-1.6 ukuvala indawo yokushisa.Uma ungekho umphetho wephepha, ungamboza izingqimba ezimbili zotshani noma ukhulise ukunqwabelana phakathi kotshani botshani.Isiqephu sotshani ngasinye sifulela kabili noma kancane kunobude botshani obufulelwe.Intambo yenayiloni iyadonswa futhi ibekwe, futhi iziphetho ezimbili zentambo ngayinye ngokulandelana zinamathele ohlangothini olulodwa lotshani botshani, zenze izihibe ezimbili ukuze zibambe utshani botshani.Donsa izintambo ezimbili ebusweni botshani botshani ukuze ugoqe noma uvule utshani obufulela ngaphambili bendlu ebamba ukushisa.Utshani obugoqiwe buyanyakaza noma bubekwe bulandelana ophahleni olungemuva.Ukuze kuvinjwe ukufulela kotshani ukuthi bungasheleli phansi, itshe elilodwa noma izitini ezimbili noma ezintathu zingavinjwa ngemuva komqulu ngamunye wotshani.

11. Ukwelashwa kwabafuduki:I-solar greenhouse ingagcina umnyango odongeni olusempumalanga ye-greenhouse.Umnyango kufanele ube mncane ngangokunokwenzeka.Kufanele kwakhiwe igumbi lokufakelwa ngaphandle komnyango.Amakhethini kufanele alengiswe ngaphakathi nangaphandle komnyango, ngokuvamile hhayi ku-gable esentshonalanga noma odongeni olungemuva lwe-greenhouse.Hlala emnyango.